Monday, May 7, 2012

Bacteria, insects join forces against pesticide: Microbes in gut, rather than genetic changes, allow insects to develop chemical resistance


Farmers may rule above insects for many decades but in the future, they may need to think up a new solution to pests as pesticides may become useless.  In a research by a team of researchers in Japan, pesticide resistance in insects is discovered.  However, what surprised the researchers the most is that the resistance is not the result of evolution written in the genes but by a symbiotic relationship between the insects and bacteria.

Fenitrothion is a common pesticide used in agriculture but this toxin is fed on by Burkholderia bacteria.  The bacteria will break down the toxin into carbon that will be fed.  The researchers have soil filled with the toxin and with the bacteria.  Then bean bugs called Riptortus pedestris, is grown in the soil.  The bugs should have been killed by the fenitrothion but it survived.  Upon close analysis, instead of changes within the genes, the bacteria saved the bugs.  They live inside the bugs and returning the favor, they break down the toxin. 

This symbiotic relationship is worrisome since it happens in a short duration compared to evolution.  Evolution will take many generations to happen but this symbiosis happens in an instant.  The bacteria can also spread to other places.

This research demonstrated how organisms will adapt to survive and in this case, the bugs have a symbiotic relationship with bacteria to survive instead of relying on evolution.  This may become a huge problem in the future but with the way things are at the moment, very few insects are combating insecticides with this method.

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/340213/title/Bacteria%2C_insects_join_forces_against_pesticide_

Powell, Devin. "Bacteria, insects join forces against pesticide ." ScienceNews MAGAZINE OF THE SOCIETY FOR SCIENCE & THE PUBLIC. 23 April 2012: n. page. Web. 7 May. 2012. <http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/340213/title/Bacteria,_insects_join_forces_against_pesticide_>.
              

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